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Knowledge

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) belonging to Family Anacardiaceae is the most important commercially grown fruit crop. It is called the king of fruits. It also has medicinal use. Moreover, mango is well adapted to tropical and sub-tropical climates. It also is a source of vitamins A & C.

The Role Of Elements

Mango is one of the important tropical crops and occupies the third rank in the trade in Egypt after citrus and grapes. Among the most influential nutrients in productivity and quality of mango crop is potassium where plays an important role in: -

  • It has an important role in an increasing fruit set and reducing fruit drop, especially during high temperatures.
  • Increases mango trees resistance to environmental conditions such as frost and high temperatures.
  • Helps plants to absorption roots of water and nutrients.
  • Potassium also plays an important role in increasing productivity and improving fruit quality.
  • Increases resistance of mango trees to fungal diseases, especially Powdery mildew.

Phosphorus plays a vital role in mango trees productivity. Phosphorus contributes to:

  • Improve root and vegetative activity, especially in the beginning of spring.
  • Improves, boosts flowering and fruit set.
  • Has an important role in increasing fruits size and sugar content.
  • Increases crop yield and quality and maintain long-term productivity.

Calcium plays an important and vital role in mango yield through:

  • Increases growth and distribution of root hairs as well as increase vegetative growth of plant.
  • Contributes to success of pollination and fertilization and increase viability of pollen grains and thus increase the yield.
  • Leads to increases fruit set and reduces fruit drop percentage and improve fruit quality.
  • Increases the plant's ability to resist fungal diseases especially powdery mildew.
  • Increasing the storage ability of fruits within the markets.
  • Increased plant resistance to environmental stresses.

Deficiency Symptoms

K

Potassium deficiency symptoms on mango trees appear in the form of burning the edges of leaves and color brown with a general weakness in plant growth and Symptoms also appear in:

  • Poor vegetative growth.
  • Low productivity, small size of fruits and poor coloring.
  • Trees become less resistant to unfavorable environmental conditions.
  • Low fruit set and increases fruit drop.
  • Mango trees become more susceptible to fungal and insect diseases.

P

Phosphorus deficiency symptoms appear as general pallor on leaves and burning of edges of the leaves as the leaves take dark green color and then brown color and then dry the leaves also from the effects of the shortage: -

  • Low percentage of flowering and fruit set.
  • Low crop quality and low export opportunity.
  • General weakness on plants and low root distributions.

Ca

Calcium deficiency Symptoms on mango show the curvature of the branches and leaves in form of hooks, dryness and death of terminal buds of the trees and also the symptoms of deficiency: -

  • Small size of total root and twisting of roots from the top up and occur by the appearance of gelatin.
  • Some physiological disorder appearing such as fruits cracking
  • Appearance of decomposed brown spots in fruit flesh.
  • Increasing percentage of fruit drop, poor fruit set and yield percentage.

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